Antimicrobial activity of crude extracts of endophytic fungi. Despite the reports of ethnomedicinal plants of this region, the biodiversity and the endophytic microbes of this region remain unexplored. Pdf identification of endophytic fungi of medicinal. In exchange for carbohydrate energy resources, the fungus provides benefits to the plant which can include increased water or nutrient uptake and protection from. Endophytic fungal communities associated with leaves. Endophytic fungal communities associated with leaves, stems. Antimicrobial activity of endophytes from brazilian medicinal. Endophytic fungi cut off a large number of metabolites live. Therefore, medicinal plants which are known to be used. The pr oduction of bioactive secondary metabolites by medicinal plants and by the endophytes pr ovided countless drugs selected as important therapeutic options for innumerabl e disease. Endophytic actinomycetes were most commonly recovered from roots 70% of all isolates followed by stems 17.
Jun 21, 2015 diversity of endophytic actinobacteria in medicinal plants. Medicinal plants are reported as host of some endophytic fungi that are involved in the coproduction of active metabolites alvin et al. Isolation of microbial endophytes from some ethnomedicinal. Especially noted were impacts on agricultural products and livestock. Biocontrol potential of endophytic fungi in medicinal. Endophytic fungi were isolated from endemic medicinal plants of tirumala hills by the procedure of standardized and modified method described by hallman et al. These plants were selected based on its medicinal values such as antimicrobial, antitumor and antimutagenic properties. In this section we will follow their main colonization route from the rhizosphere and give a brief description of alternative ways of plant colonization by endophytes. Endophytes are ubiquitous and have been found in all species of plants studied to date. Extracellular enzymatic activity of endophytic fungal strains.
Biocontrol potential of endophytic fungi in medicinal plants. Over the long period of evolution, some coexisting endophytes and their host plants have established a special relationship with one and another, which can significantly influence the formation of metabolic products in plants, then affect quality and. A total of 837 isolates belonging to 84 species were comprised of the stem 55. Exploring the potential of endophytes from medicinal plants. Special types of endophytic fungi of medicinal plants may be associated with the production of. Here, the endophytic fungal communities associated with the leaves, stems, and roots of the four medicinal plant species were investigated by. Medicinal plants are the potential source of endophytic fungi with crucial natural products of pharmaceutical significance 6. Endophytic fungi residing in medicinal plants have the ability to produce the same or similar pharmacologically active secondary metabolites as their hosts a. The analytical results indicate that the distribution andpopulation structureof endophytes canbe considerablyaffectedbyfactors, such as. In this study, two bacterial endophytes from the medicinal plants echinacea purpurea and. Since then, several other plants from the genus taxus have been reported to produce taxol. Endophytic fungi residing in medicinal plants have the ability to. Antimicrobial activity of endophytic fungi isolated from. Isolation and identification of endophytic fungi from medicinal plants and assessment of their antimicrobial activity.
The medicinal plant vitex negundo harbors diverse species of endophytic fungi. Pdf isolation and identification of endophytic fungi. Medicinal plants are reported to harbor endophytes strobel, 2002, which in turn provide protection to their host from infectious agents and introduction endophytic fungi that live inside the tissues of living plants are underexplored group of microorganisms. A friendly relationship between endophytic fungi and. Endophytic definition of endophytic by medical dictionary. Among these isolates, only 12 isolates showed better chitinolytic potentials. Endophytic fungi from medicinal plants article pdf available in economic botany 611. In a first study of ongoing research, endophytic bacteria were isolated from two medicinal plants, hypericum perforatum and ziziphora capitata with contrasting antimicrobial activities from the chatkal biosphere reserve of uzbekistan, and their plantspecific traits involved in biocontrol and.
Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of endophytic fungi extracts of medicinal plants from central sulawesi. Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of endophytic fungi. Research article endophytic fungal diversity in medicinal plants of western ghats, india monnandasomaiahnalini, 1 ningarajusunayana, 2 andharischandrasripathyprakash 2 department of studies in botany, university of mysore, manasagangotri, mysore, karnataka, india. Frontiers antimicrobial activity of medicinal plants. Secondary metabolites of medicinal plantsderived endophytes reported in recent years are grouped according to their bioactive properties including antitumor, antimicrobial, growthpromoting, antioxidant, antithrombotic, insecticide and. Plant use of endophytic fungi in defense wikipedia. It is worth mentioning that some endophytic microorganisms isolated from medicinal plants produce the same metabolites as their hosts, so if the bioactive product of the endophytic microorganisms is unique to it and is not produced by the host, this would not only reduce the need to harvest slow growing and possibly rare plants but also. In the present investigation ten medicinal plants were analyzed for the presence of endophytic fungi. Medicinal plant use can be traced to ancient agricultural societies, where indigenous populations have utilised them as therapies for many diseases davis. Current identification and classification of actinobacteria are based a polyphasic approach, comprising morphological, physiological and molecular studies goodfellow et al.
Almost all groups of microorganisms have been found in endophytic association with plants may it be fungi, bacteria or actinomycetes. Special types of endophytic fungi of medicinal plants may be associated with the production of specific bioactive compounds needed by human. Onehundred and thirtytwo endophytic strains were isolated from 18 medicinal plants from saint katherine protectorate, egypt. However, no information is available on whether such a relationship also exists in their endophytic fungal metabolites. Microbially unexplored medicinal plants can have a genetically diverse microbial population with multifunctional plant growth promoting traits. Pdf endophytic fungi residing in medicinal plants have the ability. Plant use of endophytic fungi in defense occurs when endophytic fungi, which live symbiotically with the majority of plants by entering their cells, often fungus or bacteruim, are utilized as an indirect defense against herbivores. Pdf endophytic fungi residing in medicinal plants have the.
Endophytic fungi from medicinal plants of virudhunagar district for antimicrobial activity 148 isolation of endophytic fungi leaves were thoroughly washed with mild detergent and running tap water and then airdried. Production of bioactive secondary metabolites from. Screening, isolation, biochemical and plant growth promoting. Diversity and biopotential of endophytic actinomycetes.
Antibacterial and antifungal potential of endophytic fungi. Endophytic fungi residing in medicinal plants have the ability to produce the same or similar pharmacologically active secondary metabolites as their hosts. Endophytic fungi residing in medicinal plants have the. Pdf endophytic fungi residing in medicinal plants have. The effects of endophytic fungi on the chemical composition of plants have been known by humans for centuries in the form of poisoning and disease as well as medicinal uses. Screening, isolation, biochemical and plant growth.
Endophytic bacteria with plant growth promotion and. Biodiversity and antimicrobial activity of endophytes. Endophytic fungi exhibit a complex web of interactions with host plants and have been extensively studied over the last several years as prolific sources of new bioactive natural products. Endophytic fungi from medicinal plants wiyakrutta et al. Antimicrobial biosynthetic potential and genetic diversity of. Endophytic fungal diversity in medicinal plants of western ghats. Diversity of endophytic actinobacteria isolated from. Pdf identification of endophytic fungi of medicinal herbs.
In this study, six selective medicinal plants were targeted for the first time for endophytic actinomycetes isolation from gibbon wild life sanctuary, assam, india, during winter. Antimicrobial activity of endophytes from brazilian. Pdf isolation and identification of endophytic fungi from. Endophytes are an underinvestigated group of microorganisms that represent a plentiful and renewable source of bioactive and chemically new compounds with potential for exploitation in a wide variety of medical, agricultural, and industrial. In this study, we have investigated the diversity of endophytic actinomycetes associated with the six traditional medicinal plants. Several previous studies have found a positive correlation between total antioxidant capacity tac and total phenolic content tpc of many medicinal plant extracts. Exploring the potential of endophytes from medicinal. The compound was initially isolated from the pacific yew tree, taxus brevifolia wani et al.
Pdf bioactivities of endophytic actinomycetes from selected. Endophytic fungi are ubiquitous organisms found in the plants, residing intercellular or intracellular, at least for a portion of their lives without causing apparent symptoms of infection. Some of the endophytes were identified to genus or species level using. A total of 81 thai medicinal plant species collected from forests were examined for the presence of endophytic fungi with biological activity.
The samples were rinsed gently in running water to remove dust and debris. Evaluation of antagonistic and plant growth promoting. Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of endophytic. Lasparaginase is an important anticancer enzyme that is used in the first line treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Papaver somniferum opium poppy is counted one of the most vital medicinal plant, belonging to family papaveraceae, which is a source of about 80 alkaloids of various classes that have pharmaceutical importance 7. It also considersand their medicinal applications especially in the production of anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and. Apr 07, 2018 the term endophytes includes a family of microorganisms that grow intraandor intercellularly in the tissues of higher plants without any symptoms on the plants in which they reside. Endophytic microbes bacteria and fungi live in plant tissues without causing any symptoms of disease in the host. Fungal enzymes are one of them which are used in food, beverages, confectionaries, textiles and leather industries to simplify the processing of raw materials.
Medicinal plants are known to harbor potential endophytic microbes, due to their bioactive compounds. Isolation and identification of lasparaginaseproducing. To our knowledge, this is a first report on genetic diversity, antimicrobial evaluation and biosynthetic genes of endophytic actinomycetes associated with these medicinal plants of gibbon wild life sanctuary, assam. Medicinal plants and their endophytes are important resources for discovery of natural products. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Five different plants were selected to enhance diversity as catharanthus roseus, oscimum sanctum, alovera, withania somnifera and murraya konengii. Three medicinal plants, aloe vera, mentha arvensis and ocimum sanctum were explored for endophytic actinomycetes diversity, plant growth promoting and antimicrobial activity. Antimicrobial biosynthetic potential and genetic diversity.
Altogether, 75 endophytic bacterial strains were isolated from withania coagulans dunal and olea ferruginea royal, medicinal plants of karak, pakistan. Research article endophytic fungal diversity in medicinal. Endophytes from medicinal plants and their potential for producing. Isolation of microbial endophytes from some ethnomedicinal plants of jammu and kashmir maroof ahmed, muzaffer hussain, manoj k. Endophytic fungi or endophytes exist widely inside the healthy tissues of living plants, and are important components of plant microecosystems. Pdf bioactivities of endophytic actinomycetes from.
Therefore, medicinal plants which are known to be used since. Exploration of endophytic microorganisms from selected. Endophytic fungi are an excellent source of secondary metabolites as a natural product 3. Endophytic fungi are microorganisms that colonize plant tissues intercellularly and. Isolation and identification of endophytic fungi from. These isolated inhibit growing of pathogenic bacteria s. Endophytic fungi residing in medicinal plants have the ability to produce the same or similar pharmacologically active secondary metabolites as their hosts january 2017 hellenic plant protection. It is intriguing to notice that most of the work related to enzymatic profiling of endophytic fungi came from ethnobotanically important medicinal plants as a source of these fungi pavithra et. The sequencing of highly conserved macromolecules, notably 16s. An endophyte is an endosymbiont, often a bacterium or fungus, that lives within a plant for at least part of its life cycle without causing apparent disease. Nov 21, 2012 endophytic fungi are ubiquitous organisms found in the plants, residing intercellular or intracellular, at least for a portion of their lives without causing apparent symptoms of infection. A total of 25 fungal species were isolated from healthy leaves and identified based on the morphology of.
Interestingly, genuine medicinal materials with the highest quality and best effects to a certain disease seems to have a special relationship with endophytic fungi. Isolation of endophytic bacteria was done on tryptic soy agar media and characterized on the basis of morphological and biochemical characteristics. Extracellular enzymatic activity of endophytic fungal. Bioactivities of endophytic actinomycetes from selected medicinal plants in the world heritage site of saint katherine, egypt. Seven healthy medicinal plants from family asteraceae were selected for the isolation of endophytic fungi using standard surface sterilization techniques. Antimicrobial activity of crude extracts of endophytic. It also considersand their medicinal applications especially in the production of anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antiviral compounds. Endophytic actinobacteria obtained from this work showed to have a. However, the natural resources of medicinal plants are gradually exhausted and access to plant bioactive compounds is challenged by the low levels at which.
Fungal endophytes were isolated from healthy plant parts such as stem, root, rhizome, and inflorescence employing standard isolation methods. Diversity of endophytic actinobacteria isolated from medicinal plants 859 the number of endophytic actinobacteria was dominant in the rhizome of k. This study was conducted to isolate lasparaginaseproducing endophytic fungi from medicinal plants of family asteraceae. Many medicinal plants possess antimicrobial activities, and have antagonistic endophytic fungi that help them protect from pathogen attack. Jun 09, 2016 interestingly, genuine medicinal materials with the highest quality and best effects to a certain disease seems to have a special relationship with endophytic fungi. Here, the endophytic fungal communities associated with the leaves, stems, and roots of the four medicinal plant species were investigated by highthroughput sequencing technology. A total of 68 actinomycetes isolates were isolated from endophytic regions of healthy medicinal plants fig. Exploring the potential of endophytes from medicinal plants as.
The term endophytes includes a family of microorganisms that grow intraandor intercellularly in the tissues of higher plants without any symptoms on the plants in which they reside. The choice of the plant to be used for exploring endophytes for bioactives is important. This study was conducted to determine taxonomical features and antimicrobial activities of 156 isolates of endophytic fungi collected from twigs of medicinal plants of lauraceae 67 isolates and rutaceae 89 isolates in central and northern taiwan. One of the most successful stories of natural products from endophytes is the multibilliondollar anticancer drug taxol paclitaxel. Screening of endophytic bacteria from anticancer medicinal. Endophytic actinomycetes are one of the primary groups that share symbiotic relationships with medicinal plants and are key reservoir of biologically active compounds.
There is a number of ways by which endophytic bacteria can get access to a plants interior. Endophytic fungi of medicinal plants are currently being widely studied in the search for new potentially useful secondary metabolites. After which they were surface sterilized by submerging them in 75% ethanol for 2 min. Of the 68 isolates, the majority n 27, 3970% were isolated from roots followed by leaf n 24, 3529%, and stem n 17, 25% table s1. Analysis of plant growth promoting potential of endophytes. Endophytic bacteria have beneficial effect on plants such as plant growth promotion, supply of nutrients, less exposure to environmental stress and antagonistic control of plant pathogens hallmann et al. Diversity of endophytic actinobacteria in medicinal plants. Frontiers a friendly relationship between endophytic fungi. The 156 isolates of fungi were classified into 35 genera in 19 families based on morphological characteristics of mycelia and asexualsexual. The symbiotic relationship among endophytic fungi as well as plants gives endophytes the powerful capability to produce new bioactive substances 4,28.
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